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(31.) price and labour competition [ ]
pp.517-527
Thus there were, in the period 1871-1900, three great groups in France:
(a) the alliance of Jews and Catholics dominated by Rothschild;
(b) the alliance of Catholic industrialists and Catholic bankers dominated by Schneider, the steel manufacturer; and
(c) the group of Protestant bankers dominated by Mirabaud.
[...]
Union-Comité bloc
In the course of the period 1904-1919 the Union Parisienne group and the Comité des Forges (the French steel "trust") group formed an alliance based on their common opposition to the Third Republic and the Paribas bloc.
[...]
the Banque de Paris et des Pays Bas (Paribas)
setup by the Rothschild group in 1972 and
the Banque de l'Union Parisienne
founded by the rival block in 1904
This cooperation between the two blocs in regard to the lower levels of the banking system (the Bank of France itself) did not usually extend to industrial or commercial activity. There, competition outside the market was severe, and became a struggle to the death in 1932-1940. In some activities, spheres of interest were drawn between the two groups, and thus competition was reduced.
Inside France, there was the basic division between east and west, the Jewish group emphasizing shipbuilding, transatlantic communications and transportation, and public utilities, while in the west Protestant Catholic group emphasized iron, steel, and armaments in the east.
Outside France, the former group(Jewish group) dominated the colonies, North Africa, and the eastern Mediterranean, while the later group(Protestant Catholic group) emphasized central and eastern Europe (chiefly through the Union européene industrielle et financière, created in 1920 to be the economic counterpart of the Little Entente).
[...]
The struggles between the 3 great economic power blocs
The struggles between these 3 great economic power blocs in France are rather difficult for Americans to understand because they were not reflected in price competition in the market where Americans would normally expect economic competition to appear. In the field of price policies, the three blocs generally cooperated. They also cooperated in their attitudes toward labor, although to a lesser degree. Their rivalries appeared in the fields of economics and political power as struggles to control sources of raw materials, supplies of credit and capital, and the instruments of government. Price competition, which to an American always has seemed to be the first, and even the only, method of economic rivalry, has, in Europe, generally been regarded as the last possible method of economic rivalry, a method so mutually destructive as to be tacitly avoided by both sides. In fact, in France, as in most European countries, competing economic groups saw nothing inconsistent in joining together to use the power of the state to enforce joint policies of such groups toward prices and labor.
("Tragedy and Hope", by Carroll Quigley, 1966, pp.517-527)
(Quigley, Carroll (1966); "Tragedy and Hope: A History of the World in Our Time", pdf file (digital copy), filename: Tragedy_and_Hope.pdf, pp.517-527)
(filename of other copy on the Web:
Carroll_Quigley__Tragedy_and_Hope.pdf
CarrollQuigley-TragedyAndHope.pdf
CarrollQuigley-TragedyAndHope_djvu.html
CarrollQuigley-TragedyAndHope_djvu.txt
)
http://www.carrollquigley.net/pdf/Tragedy_and_Hope.pdf
https://www.benespen.com/2014-7-24-the-long-view-tragedy-and-hope/
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